Asociación entre la inclinación sagital del incisivo central superior y el ángulo nasolabial en ortodoncia

Objetivo: determinar si existe asociación entre la inclinación del incisivo central superior y el ángulo naso-labial de Legan. Materiales y métodos: se utilizaron las telerradiografías laterales de cráneo de 20 pacientes entre 18 y 39 años, obtenidas al inicio y final de su tratamiento ortodóncico, para un análisis cefalométrico. El total de medidas obtenidas se ordenó en dos tiempos. Tiempo 1 (T1) incluyó la medición del ángulo plano biespinal-eje mayor del incisivo superior (AiT1) y del ángulo naso-labial (AnlT1) en las radiografías tomadas previo al tratamiento y tiempo 2 (T2) incluyó la medición de los mismos ángulos en las radiografías tomadas al finalizar el tratamiento (AiT2 y AnlT2 respectivamente). Los datos obtenidos fueron tabulados y analizados estadísticamente. Resultados: la muestra presentó distribución normal, por lo que se aplicó el test de correlación de Pearson, para determinar si existía asociación entre ambas variables (Ai y Anl) en T1 y T2, obteniendo como resultado un valor de R=0,5. Conclusión: no existe asociación estadística entre la variación en la inclinación del incisivo central superior y el Ángulo naso-labial de Legan.

Aim: to determine if there is an association between the inclination of the upper central incisor and the nasolabial Legan angle. Materials and methods: lateral head radiographs of 20 patients between 18 and 39 years old, obtained at the beginning and end of their orthodontic treatment, were used for a cephalometric analysis. The total of measurements obtained was ordered in two times. Time 1 (T1) included the measurement of the bispinal plane angle-major axis of the upper incisor (AiT1) and the nasolabial angle (AnlT1) in the radiographs taken before treatment and time 2 (T2) included the measurement of the same angles, in the radiographs taken at the end of the treatment (AiT2 and AnlT2 respectively). The data obtained were tabulated and statistically analyzed. Results: the sample presented a normal distribution. So, the Pearson correlation test was applied to determine if there was an association between both variables (Ai and Anl) in T1 and T2, obtaining a value of R=0.5 as a result. Conclusion: there is no statistical association between the variation in the inclination of the upper central incisor and the nasolabial Angle of Legan.

Measurement of buccolingual inclination of posterior teeth and the curve of Wilson in patients with different sagittal skeletal patterns using cone-beam computed tomography / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@# To study the buccolingual inclination of posterior premolars and molars and the curve of Wilson in patients with different sagittal skeletal patterns, to explore the compensation mechanism of horizontal inclination of posterior teeth in patients with different sagittal skeletal patterns and to provide a reference for the control of posterior tooth inclination in the treatment of bone malocclusion.@*Methods@#This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee, and informed consent was obtained from the patients. Ninety CBCT scans of adults and ninety scans of adolescents before orthodontic treatment were evaluated in this cross-sectional study. There were 30 skeletal Class I, Class Ⅱ, and Class Ⅲ patients in the adult group and adolescent group. The inclination angles of posterior teeth and the curve of Wilson of first and second molars were measured, and data were analyzed between adolescents and adults with different sagittal skeletal patterns.@*Results @#Compared with skeletal Class Ⅰ adult patients, the upper posterior molar inclination of skeletal Class Ⅱ patients was significantly lower, and the lower posterior molar inclination was significantly higher. Compared with skeletal ClassⅠ adult patients, the upper posterior molar inclination of skeletal Class Ⅲ adult patients was higher, and the lower posterior molar inclination was significantly lower. The Wilson curve of the second molar in skeletal Class Ⅱ adult patients was significantly higher than that in the other groups. Compared with skeletal ClassⅠ adolescent patients, skeletal Class Ⅲ adolescent patients had a significantly higher upper posterior molar inclination; however, no difference was found between the inclination of the posterior teeth between skeletal Class Ⅰ, Class Ⅱ and Class Ⅲ adolescent patients. Comparing adolescent and adult samples, in skeletal Class Ⅱ patients, adults showed more lingual inclination than adolescents in the upper posterior teeth and less lingual inclination in the lower posterior teeth except for the mandibular first molar. Comparing adolescent and adult samples, in skeletal Class Ⅲ patients, adults showed more lingual inclination than adolescents in the lower posterior teeth except for the mandibular second molars and showed no difference in the upper posterior teeth.@*Conclusions@#The inclination of the posterior teeth and the curve of Wilson show significant differences between the three sagittal skeletal patterns. Compared with those of skeletal Class Ⅰ patients, the posterior teeth of skeletal Class Ⅱ patients show more lingual inclination in the upper arch and less lingual inclination in the lower arch. Meanwhile, posterior teeth of skeletal Class Ⅲ patients show more lingual inclination in the lower arch and maintain the inclination in the upper arch.

Analysis on Mandibular Anterior Tooth Intrusion with Clear Aligners / 医用生物力学

国家自然科学基金项目(11932012、81400536),上海申康医院发展中心临床创新三年行动计划(SHDC2020CR3009A),上海交通大学医工(理)交叉基金(JYJC202130)

Radiographic findings in the coxofemoral joint of Australian Cattle Dogs / Achados radiográficos em articulação coxofemoral de cães da raça Australian Cattle Dog

Australian Cattle Dogs (ACD) are medium-sized animals widely used in fieldwork for managing cattle and sheep. There needs to be more information about the conditions these dogs can develop despite being well-characterized animals since the beginning of the 20th century. Hip dysplasia (HD) is a developmental abnormality between the femoral head and the acetabular fossa, which can be debilitating. However, the available literature has no studies on the prevalence of this condition in dogs of this breed. This study aimed to evaluate radiographs of ACD qualitatively and quantitatively. For this purpose, 49 dogs considered healthy without clinical signs of HD were radiographically assessed, and the animals were classified as dysplastic (D) and non-dysplastic (ND). A frequency of 46.9% of dysplastic dogs was observed, with males being more affected. The cortical index (CI) and angle of inclination (AI) could not differentiate D from ND animals; only the Norberg angle (NA) was effective in this differentiation. No correlation was observed between AI, CI, and AN.(AU)

Os cães da raça Autralian Cattle Dog (ACD) são animais de porte médio, muito utilizados no trabalho de campo para manejo de gado e ovelha. Apesar de serem animais bem caracterizados desde o início do século XX, há poucas informações sobre afecções que esses cães podem desenvolver. A displasia coxofemoral (DCF) é uma anormalidade do desenvolvimento entre a cabeça do fêmur e a fossa acetabular podendo ser debilitante. Contudo, não há estudos, na literatura disponível, sobre a prevalência desta afecção em cães dessa raça. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar qualitativamente e quantitativamente radiografias de cães da raça ACD. Para tanto, foram avaliados radiograficamente 49 cães considerados hígidos e sem sinais clínicos de DCF. Os animais foram classificados em displásicos (D) e não displásicos (ND). Observou-se a frequência de 46,9% de cães displásicos, sendo os machos mais acometidos. O índice cortical (IC) e o ângulo de inclinação (AI) não foram capazes de diferenciar os animais D dos ND, apenas o ângulo de Norberg (AN) foi eficaz nessa diferenciação. Não houve correlação entre AI, IC e AN.(AU)

Change in crown inclination accompanying initial tooth alignment with round archwires

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate, in-vitro, the change in crown inclination that occurs during orthodontic leveling and alignment using different archwire-bracket-ligation combinations. Materials and Methods: Four archwire types were tested: (1) 0.012-in stainless steel and (2) 0.0155-in stainless steel multi-stranded, (3) 0.012-in nitinol Orthonol® and (4) 0.012-in nitinol Thermalloy®. Combinations with five types of 0.022-in slot orthodontic brackets were tested: SmartClipTM and Time3® self-ligating brackets, Mini-Taurus® and Victory SeriesTM conventional brackets, and Synergy® conventional-low friction bracket. Conventional brackets were ligated with both stainless steel and elastomeric ligatures. The simulated malocclusion comprised 2.0mm gingival and 2.0mm labial displacements of a maxillary right central incisor. Rotation around the Y-axis (representing labio-palatal inclination) was measured for the different archwire-bracket-ligation combinations. Results: The largest rotation was measured whith Orthonol® and Thermalloy® wires when combined with SmartClipTM brackets (8.07±0.24º and 8.06±0.26º, respectively) and with Synergy® brackets ligated with stainless steel ligatures (8.03±0.49º and 8.0±0.37º, respectively). The lower rotation was recorded when Thermalloy®, multi-stranded, and Orthonol® wires were ligated with elastomeric rings to Mini-Taurus® brackets (1.53±0.18º, 1.65± 0.23º and 1.70±0.28º, respectively) and to Victory SeriesTM brackets (1.68± 0.78º, 2.92± 1.40º and 1.74±0.46º, respectively). Conclusions: All archwire-bracket-ligation combinations produced lingual crown inclination; however, lower changes were observed when the conventional brackets were ligated with elastomeric rings. The multi-stranded archwire produced less rotation with nearly every bracket-ligation combination, compared to the other archwires. The effect of the archwire-bracket-ligation combination on tooth inclination during leveling and alignment should be considered during planning treatment mechanics.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar, in vitro, as mudanças na inclinação das coroas dentárias que acontecem durante o alinhamento e nivelamento usando diferentes combinações de arcos/braquetes/ligaduras. Material e Métodos: Foram usados quatro tipos de arcos ortodônticos: (1) 0,012" de aço inoxidável, (2) 0,0155" de aço multifilamentado, (3) Orthonol® 0,012" de nitinol e (4) Thermalloy® 0,012" de nitinol. Esses arcos foram combinados com cinco tipos de braquetes ortodônticos com slot 0,022": braquetes autoligáveis SmartClipTM e Time3®, braquetes convencionais Mini-Taurus® e Victory SeriesTM, e braquetes convencionais de baixo atrito Synergy®. Os braquetes convencionais receberam ligaduras de aço ou elastoméricas. A má oclusão simulada foi composta por um deslocamento do incisivo central superior direito em 2 mm para a cervical e 2 mm para a vestibular. A rotação ao redor do eixo Y (representando a inclinação vestibulolingual) foi medida para as diferentes combinações de arco/braquete/ligadura. Resultados: A maior rotação foi medida quando os arcos Orthonol® e Thermalloy® foram usados com os braquetes SmartClipTM (8,07±0,24º e 8,06±0,26º, respectivamente) e com os braquetes Synergy® com ligaduras metálicas (8,03±0,49º e 8,0±0,37º, respectivamente). A menor rotação foi vista quando os arcos Thermalloy®, multifilamentado e Orthonol® foram presos por ligaduras elastoméricas aos braquetes Mini-Taurus® (1,53±0,18º, 1,65±0,23º e 1,70±0,28º, respectivamente) e aos braquetes Victory SeriesTM (1,68±0,78º, 2,92±1,40º e 1,74±0,46º, respectivamente). Conclusões: todas as combinações arco-braquete-ligadura produziram inclinação palatina da coroa. Entretanto, as menores mudanças foram observadas quando os braquetes convencionais receberam ligaduras elastoméricas. O arco multifilamentado produziu menor rotação com quase todas as combinações braquete-ligadura, em comparação aos outros arcos. O efeito da combinação arco-braquete-ligadura na inclinação dentária durante o alinhamento e nivelamento deve ser considerado durante o planejamento da mecânica dos tratamentos.

Morphological analysis of mandibular anterior alveolar bone in high-angle adult females assessed with cone-beam computed tomography / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To investigate the features of alveolar bone morphology of mandibular central incisors in high-angle adult females using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and evaluate the influence of aging in these patients.@*Methods@# CBCT and lateral cephalometric images of 142 untreated adult female patients were selected and grouped by facial growth pattern. The number of high-angle cases was increased to 164 to further explore the difference within high-angle adult females who were divided into two groups according to age. The indexes of alveolar bone height and thickness in the lower incisor region and inclination of the lower incisors were measured by Dolphin software. The data was statistically analyzed.@*Results@#Compared with the average-angle group, the high-angle group had a lower alveolar bone attachment level (P < 0.05) and less bone thickness at the root apex level (P < 0.05). The thickness of lingual alveolar bone decreased with labial inclination of the lower incisors in both the high-angle and average-angle groups (r = -0.251, P = 0.025; r = -0.428, P = 0.001, respectively). In hyperdivergent female patients, the middle-aged group had a lower attachment level of alveolar bone than the young group (P < 0.05), but no significant difference in bone thickness at the root apex level (P > 0.05) was found between the two groups@*Conclusion @# High-angle adult females had thinner mandibular anterior alveolar bone with significantly lower attachment levels. Aging and inclination of lower incisors influenced bone morphology and should be taken into careful consideration.

PERSONALIZED MEDICINE FUTURE PERSPECTIVE APPROACH FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF TUBERCULOSIS

Tuberculosis is a bacterial infectious illness that is spread mostly by communicable droplets from one person to another. Drug-resistant patients and substandard drug authorization Mycobacterium tuberculosis is one of the two major obstacles to tuberculosis (TB) management in endemic areas, such as India and the rest of the world. Precision medicine, also known as customized medicine, is based on the diversity of systems biology and using predictive techniques to assess health risk and build tailored health plans to assist patients in reducing risk, preventing disease, and treating it with precision. Only active pulmonary tuberculosis is contagious. TB continues to be a significant source of illness and mortality in many low- and middle-income nations, and drug-resistant TB is a major problem in many areas. Furthermore, several novel TB diagnostics methods, such as quick molecular testing, have been developed, and there is a demand for simpler point-of-care tests. Personalized medicine ushers in a new age in healthcare. In the subject of Mycobacteriology, personalized medicine may be used in a variety of ways, including prevention, diagnosis, improved therapy, and prognosis. To change an independent proposition in mycobacterial disorders, a genetic inclination and a protein affliction investigation are presented. Patients' results should be turned into accurate diagnostic tests and focused therapy in order for personalized medicine to be used successfully by the healthcare system.

Medición del Ángulo de Inclinación del Ligamento Cruzado Anterior (LCA). Serie de Casos / Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Inclination angle measurement. Case Series

Introducción La evaluación de la inclinación del ligamento cruzado anterior(LCA) es útil tanto en pacientes que no han sido llevados a procedimientos reconstructivos para aclarar dudas diagnósticas ante la sospecha de una lesión parcial como para el planeamiento quirúrgico; y en el postoperatorio para evaluar la calidad y efectividad al restaurar las inserciones anatómicas del ligamento. Sin embargo en nuestro medio no existe un referente local de medición ni un entrenamiento en la toma de la misma. Objetivo Medir el ángulo de inclinación del LCA en rodillas sanas de nuestra población, utilizando técnicas de medición por resonancia magnética (RM) entre junio del 2013 y junio del 2017. Métodos Estudio descriptivo tipo serie de casos, se incluyeron los pacientes sometidos a RM en el servicio de radiología de nuestro hospital que fueron leídas como normales. Las mediciones del ángulo de inclinación se tomaron en los planos sagital, coronal y axial. Resultados Se incluyeron 91 pacientes (45% (n=41) Hombres / 55% (n=50) Mujeres). Se encontró un ángulo de inclinación del LCA en el plano sagital con una media de 45.31 (DE: 5.39), en el plano coronal de 70.68 (DE:5.79) y 68.49 (DE:5.61) en el plano axial, sin encontrarse diferencias imagenológicas segmentados por sexo, edad o lateralidad. Discusión No se aprecian diferencias en las imágenes de RM en el ángulo de inclinación en ninguno de los tres planos entre hombres y mujeres, tampoco respecto a lateralidad o grupos de edad. Se obtuvieron resultados que aún no están descritos en la literatura; los obtenidos son similares a los reportados en la literatura

Background The evaluation of the inclination of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is useful to clarify diagnostic doubts in patients who have not been taken to reconstructive procedures and to evaluate the quality and effectiveness of restoring the anatomical attachments of the ligament. after an ACL surgery reconstruction. However, in our environment there is no local measurement reference or training in measuring it inclination angle. The aim of the study is to measure the inclination angle of the ACL in healthy knees of our population, using magnetic resonance (MRI) measurement techniques. Methods A Case Series study was performed, including patients who underwent to knee MRI between June 2013 and June 2017 that were read as normal. Inclination angle measurements of the ACL were taken in the sagittal, coronal, and axial planes. Results 91 patients were included (45% (n=41) Men / 55% (n=50) Women). An ACL inclination angle was found in the sagittal plane with a mean of 45.31 (SD: 5.39), in the coronal plane of 70.68 (SD: 5.79) and 68.49 (SD: 5.61) in the axial plane, with no imaging differences found. segmented by sex, age or laterality. Discussion There are no differences in the MRI images in the angle of inclination in any of the three planes between men and women, neither with regard to laterality or age groups. Results were obtained that have not yet been described in the literature; those obtained are similar to those reported in the literature

Study on the transverse relationship of the mandible between different skeletal vertical patterns in patients with skeletal ClassⅠ malocclusion / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To analyze the correlation between skeletal vertical patterns and mandibular dental arch width, basal arch width and the dental buccolingual inclination of patients with skeletal ClassⅠ@*Methods@#The CBCT data of 62 skeletal ClassⅠ malocclusion patients were collected and divided into a high-angle group with 19 cases, a mean-angle group with 22 cases, and a low-angle group with 21 cases according to the GoGn-SN angle. Mandible 3D reconstruction of the three groups was performed using Dolphin software, and dental arch widths, basal arch widths and buccolingual inclination of canines, first premolars and first molars, were measured and statistically analyzed respectively. @*Redults@#Mandibular dental arch width showed no significant difference among the three groups (P>0.05). The basal arch widths of mandibular canines and first premolars in low-angle group were larger than those in the other groups (P<0.05). The buccolingual inclinations of mandibular canines and first premolars in high-angle group were larger than those in the other groups (P<0.05). The buccolingual inclination and basal arch width of the first molars among the three groups showed no significant differences (P>0.05). Pearson correlation tests showed that the basal arch widths of mandibular canines and first premolars were negatively correlated with GoGn-SN angle. Excluding the influence of dental arch width and basal arch width, there was still a significant positive correlation between the buccolingual inclination of mandibular canines and first premolars and the GoGn-SN angle (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The width of the basal bone arch between different skeletal vertical patterns mainly differs in the canine segment and the premolar segment, and the difference in the buccolingual inclination of the teeth is mainly to compensate for the difference in the GoGn-SN angle. In clinical practice, individualized therapy should be adopted according to the differences to achieve the long-term efficacy of correction.

Clinical application of molar uprighting for impacted mandibular second molars / 口腔疾病防治

Objective @#To investigate the effect of the clinical application of molar uprighting in the treatment of impacted mandibular second molars.@*Methods@# A total of 16 cases of impacted mandibular second molars were chosen, and the impacted molars were treated with straight wire appliances and molar uprighting. Before and after treatment, the vertical angle of the molar, the height of the distal buccal tip, the height of the distal buccal tip of the anchorage molar, the depth of the periodontal pocket and the height of the alveolar bone were measured. Moreover, the treatment cycles of the third molar extraction group, the premolar group and the nonextraction group were compared.@*Results @#All impacted molars responded well to treatment. The vertical time of impacted molars was (1.34 ± 0.45) months, (2.20 ± 0.57) months, and (2.30 ± 0.45) months in the third molar extraction group, the premolar extraction group and the nonextraction group, respectively. The treatment time of the third molar extraction group was shorter than that of the other two groups, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). After treatment, the inclination of impacted second molars increased by (25.94 ± 8.85)°, the elongated distal buccal tip was depressed by (1.00 ± 1.48) mm, the depth of the proximal and middle periodontal pocket of impacted molars decreased by (1.21 ± 1.03) mm, and the height of the alveolar bone of the proximal and middle adjacent surfaces of impacted second molars increased by (4.57 ± 1.45) mm; these differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the height of the distal buccal tip of the first molar before and after treatment (P > 0.05).@*Conclusion @#Molar uprighting is an efficient, reliable, and convenient method that can shorten the treatment period. Extraction of crowded third molars is beneficial for the vertical and periodontal health of impacted second molars.

Clinical analysis of skeletal malocclusion, axial inclination in patients with short root anomaly of the maxillary central incisors / 口腔疾病防治

Objective @#To investigate the prevalence and distribution of skeletal malocclusion and axial inclination of the maxillary central incisors in short root anomaly (SRA) patients in Kunming city, to provide some reference and guidance for SRA patients′ clinical diagnosis and treatment and prevention in SRA patients. @*Methods@#A total of 1 000 cases were randomly selected from the CBCT database of patients admitted to the author′s hospital from January 2011 to July 2019, and a retrospective analysis was performed. A total of 27 patients with SRA were diagnosed (SRA group).The control group, consisted of 100 randomly selected patients from non-SRA patients. According to the clinical data and cephalometric data, skeletal malocclusion was divided into three subgroups: Class I skeletal malocclusion, Class II skeletal malocclusion and Class Ⅲ skeletal malocclusion. Additionally, the axial inclination of the central incisors was divided into three subgroups: the lingual inclination group, labial inclination group and normal inclination group. The two groups each according to sex, skeletal malocclusion and types of axial inclination of the maxillary central incisors were discussed. @*Results @# The prevalence rate of SRA in the selected population was 2.7%, and the prevalence of SRA in females was 3.67% (21/572) , which was higher than that in males by 1.4% (6/428), and was significantly different between sexes (χ2=4.562, P=0.033). There was a significant difference between SRA patients and control group in terms of skeletal malocclusion (χ2=8.710, P=0.013). Class Ⅲ skeletal malocclusion was the main type of skeletal malocclusion in SRA. There was a significant difference between SRA patients and control group in terms of the axial inclination of the maxillary central incisors (χ2=16.75,P<0.001). Lingual inclination of the maxillary central incisors was the main type of axial inclination of the maxillary central incisors in SRA. @*Conclusion@#There is a certain correlation between class Ⅲ skeletal malocclusion and lingual inclination of the maxillary central incisors and SRA, and the root-crown ratio and root shape of these patients should be evaluated before orthodontics are implemented.

Effect of Chair Inclination Forward on Sit-to-Stand for Hemiplegics after Stroke / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To study the effect of chair inclination angles forward on sit-to-stand time and muscle activation of lower extremities in stroke patients with hemiplegia. Methods:From January to August, 2019, 15 stroke patients with hemiplegia finished five times sit-to-stand at seat slope 0°, 10° and 20° forward. The time, and surface electromyogram (sEMG) signals of rectus femoris, hamstrings, anterior tibialis and peroneus muscle were recorded. Results:The total EMG peak, root mean square and integrated electromyography (iEMG) of all the muscles decreased at seat slope 10° and 20° forward compared with those at 0° (F > 4.530, P < 0.05). The time decreased at seat slope 20° forward compared with that at 0° (P < 0.05). Conclusion:Seat inclination forward at some angles may improve the sit-to-stand performance in stroke patients with hemiplegia.

Role and efficacy of picture archiving and communication system-assisted preoperative planning in total knee arthroplasty / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: In clinical application, Picture Archiving and Communication System gradually replaces the traditional preoperative planning mode of acetate template measurement on film, which can accurately obtain the parameters needed in the operation of total knee arthroplasty. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usage of Picture Archiving and Communication System in planning and assessment pre- and post-operatively in total knee arthroplasty. METHODS: Severe knee osteoarthritis patients who undertook total knee arthroplasty in Wuxi People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from March 2016 to March 2018 were included in the study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. In the trial group (n=32), osteotomy was performed by Picture Archiving and Communication System, and then patients were implanted with knee prosthesis. In the control group (n=32), the osteotomy was performed according to the X-ray film, and then the artificial knee joint prosthesis was implanted. The trajectory of the tibia was tested during the operation. Anteroposterior and lateral X-ray films of the knee and the whole length films of the lower limbs were reexamined postoperatively. Tibial plateau inclination angle and valgus or varus angle were measured through Picture Archiving and Communication System. Recovery of lower limb alignment was assessed. Hospital for special surgery knee score on the affected side was analyzed to evaluate the recovery of joint function at postoperative 1, 3 and 12 months. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Wuxi People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The satisfaction rate of lower limb alignment and the excellent and good rate of patellar movement trajectory were higher in the trial group than in the control group (100%, 91%; 100%, 94%, P 0. 05). (2) Hospital for special surgery knee score was higher in the trial group than in the control group at postoperative 1 and 3 months [(80. 5±9. 06), (74. 0±6. 42), P 0. 05). (3) No complications or adverse reactions related to implant occurred after operation. (4) Results indicated that personal osteotomy data can be obtained through Picture Archiving and Communication System in the total knee arthroplasty so as to improve the accuracy of osteotomy, better correct the lower limb alignment, obtain excellent patellar trajectory, and obtain better early curative effect of operation. The follow-up results within 1 year were satisfactory. The long-term effect remains to be further observed.

Buccolingual Inclination of Maxillary and Mandibular First Molars in Untreated Adults: A CBCT Study

Introduction: The general feature of occlusal curvature,when viewed from the front, consists of a buccal inclinationof the maxillary molars and a lingual inclination of themandibular molars. The fourth key of Andrews six keys ofocclusion is related to the curve of Wilson, describing theposterior inclination of the crowns of the lower posterior teethas a concave curve, setting the molars with a lingual torque.The aim of this study was to measure buccolingual inclinationof maxillary and mandibular first molars in untreated sampleof pre-orthodontic patients.Material and Methods: CBCT scans from 36 untreatedsubjects (26 females and 10 males; average age, 24.6 years) withminimal dental discrepancies, no prior history of orthodontictreatment, minimal dental wear, no posterior crossbite, nocrowns or significant restorations on any first molars, absenceof remaining primary dentition, were selected. The angleswere measured between long axis of each maxillary molar to avertical reference line that was perpendicular to the horizontalreference line and between each mandibular first molar to thesame reference line.Results: The average inclination of maxillary molar was+4.98º ± 4.26º. There was no significant difference betweenthe right and left mean values. The average inclinationof mandibular molar was -13.10º ± 6.10º. There was nosignificant difference between the right and left values.Conclusion: Maxillary and mandibular molars have a naturalcurvature of their inclinations where the maxillary molarshave a slight buccal inclination and mandibular molars have aslight lingual inclination

Características anatomorradiográficas de los terceros molares en adolescentes de la enseñanza preuniversitaria / Anatomo-radiographic characteristics of third molars in senior high school students

RESUMEN Introducción: Las retenciones dentarias afectan al 17 % de los pacientes a nivel mundial y están consideradas actualmente como un síndrome, en que los terceros molares ocupan el primer lugar y cuya extirpación quirúrgica deviene la intervención más comúnmente practicada por los cirujanos maxilofaciales. Objetivo: Describir las características anatomorradiográficas de los terceros molares, así como su posible relación con variables epidemiológicas de interés. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en escolares del Instituto Preuniversitario "Antonio Alomá Serrano", perteneciente al área de salud del Policlínico Docente Asistencial "José Martí" de Santiago de Cuba, durante el período comprendido desde mayo de 2016 hasta febrero de 2017. Se utilizaron radiografías panorámicas indicadas a estos pacientes, en las que se efectuaron el análisis y la clasificación. Resultados: La mayoría de los dientes se encontraban en clase I (52,6 por ciento), clase C (51,9 por ciento), posición C (82,2 por ciento), verticales (47,7 por ciento) y sin aproximación sinusal (89,5 por ciento). Además se observaron relaciones significativas entre la edad y el color de la piel con respecto al espacio retromolar y la inclinación dentaria de este grupo molar, y entre el sexo y la inclinación. Conclusiones: Los terceros molares son los dientes con mayor variabilidad en cuanto a posición e inclinación intraósea y en edades avanzadas se logra suficiente espacio retromolar y verticalización en la mayoría de ellos(AU)

ABSTRACT Introduction: Tooth impaction affects 17 % of patients worldwide. It is currently considered to be a syndrome in which third molars occupy the first place. Surgical removal is the most common intervention performed by maxillofacial surgeons. Objective: Describe the anatomo-radiographic characteristics of third molars and their possible relationship to epidemiological variables of interest. Methods: A cross-sectional observational descriptive study was conducted of students from Antonio Alomá Serrano Senior High School, from the health area of José Martí University Polyclinic in Santiago de Cuba, from May 2016 to February 2017. The study was based on panoramic radiographs, which were analyzed and classified. Results: Most teeth were class I (52.6 percent), class C (51.9 percent), position C (82.2 percent), vertical (47.7 percent) and without sinus approach (89.5 percent). Significant relationships were found between age and skin color with respect to retromolar space and tooth inclination of this molar group, and between sex and inclination. Conclusions: Third molars are the teeth showing the greatest variability in terms of intraosseous inclination and position. In advanced ages most of them achieve enough retromolar space and verticalization(AU)

Effect of inclination and eccentricity of intraocular lens on optical imaging quality detected by wavefront aberration system / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To investigate the effect of inclination and eccentricity of intraocular lens(IOL),on optical imaging quality <i>via</i> wavefront aberration optical path system.<p>METHODS: The spherical IOL Sensar AR40e, the aspherical monofocal IOL Tecnis ZA9003, and the aspheric multifocal IOL Tecnis ZM900 were measured at the center of the center using a laboratory-built Hartmann-Shack IOL wavefront aberration path system at 5.0mm simulated pupil diameter. 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8mm, the effect on the optical imaging quality when tilting 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25° to the nasal side and the temporal side, and quantitative imaging quality by high-order aberration and modulation transfer function.<p>RESULTS: The Temnis ZA9003 MTF value was higher than AR40e and Tecnis ZM900 when inclinationed within 5°, while the three IOL MTF values were significantly different when inclinationed 5°, 10°, 15°, and 20°. Tecnis ZA9003 The IOL inclination angle was significantly positively correlated with the coma(<i>r</i>=0.842, <i>P</i><0.001), and there was no significant correlation with the spherical aberration(<i>r</i>=0.229, <i>P</i>=0.241). The three IOL MTF values were obtained when the eccentricity was 0.6 and 0.8 mm. Significant differences(both <i>P</i><0.001), the imaging quality of the Tecnis ZM900 eccentricity greater than 0.4mm decreased significantly.<p>CONCLUSION: When the inclination of aspheric IOL(-0.27μm spherical aberration)is less than 5°and the eccentricity is less than 0.4mm, aspherical IOL has a better imaging quality than that of spherical IOL. Tecnis ZM900 IOL has a lower optical imaging quality than that of spherical and aspheric IOL when the eccentricity of IOL is more than 0.4mm.

Evaluation of buccolingual molar inclinations among different vertical facial types / 대한치과교정학회지

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the buccolingual inclination of maxillary and mandibular molars in adults with different vertical facial types. METHODS: Cone-beam computed tomography images of 135 adult patients (age, 20–45 years) with skeletal Class I maxillomandibular relationships were assigned to normodivergent (n = 46), hypodivergent (n = 49), and hyperdivergent groups (n = 40) according to linear and angular sella-nasion/gonion-menton measurements. The normodivergent group consisted of 24 females and 22 males, hypodivergent group of 26 females and 23 males, and hyperdivergent group of 24 females and 16 males. Buccolingual inclination of the maxillary and mandibular first and second molars was measured relative to the occlusal plane. One-way analysis of variance was used for intergroup comparison. Gender differences were evaluated using independent t-tests. RESULTS: Buccolingual molar inclinations did not differ significantly between females and males (p > 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences among the buccolingual inclinations of the first and second maxillary and mandibular molars of the groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Buccolingual inclinations of maxillary and mandibular molars are similar in normodivergent, hyperdivergent, and hypodivergent adults with Class I sagittal relationships.

Reliability study in the measurement of the cusp inclination angle of a chairside digital model / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#This study aims to evaluate the reliability of the software Picpick in the measurement of the cusp inclination angle of a digital model.@*METHODS@#Twenty-one trimmed models were used as experimental objects. The chairside digital impression was then used for the acquisition of 3D digital models, and the software Picpick was employed for the measurement of the cusp inclination of these models. The measurements were repeated three times, and the results were compared with a gold standard, which was a manually measured experimental model cusp angle. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated.@*RESULTS@#The paired t test value of the two measurement methods was 0.91. The ICCs between the two measurement methods and three repeated measurements were greater than 0.9. The digital model achieved a smaller coefficient of variation (9.9%).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The software Picpick is reliable in measuring the cusp inclination of a digital model.

Correlation between the Inclinations of the Incisors and Lips in Mixed Dentition / 대한소아치과학회지

This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the inclinations of the incisors and lips in mixed dentition aged 7 – 11 years. Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 353 children were analyzed to measure the upper incisor inclination, lower incisor inclination, lower-nasolabial angle, and mentolabial angle in relation to the skeletal malocclusion classification. The measurements were then assessed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis.There were significant negative correlations between the inclination of the upper incisors and lower-nasolabial angle in all classes of skeletal malocclusion. There was a negative correlation between the inclination of the lower incisors and mentolabial angle; however, class Ⅱ malocclusion had a significant positive correlation.This study identified the factors that affect lip inclination and verified their associations.

The Effects of Therapeutic Climbing on Shoulder Muscle Activity according to the Inclination of the Climbing Wall

PURPOSE: Therapeutic climbing has become very popular today, with it being reported as a new method for preventing and treating orthopedic trauma to the shoulder joint. However, objective studies on its effects on the musculoskeletal system are still lacking. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of wall inclination during therapeutic climbing on the muscle activity around the shoulder joint. METHODS: In this study, the participants performed movements at three different inclination angles of 0°, +15°, and −15°. sEMG was performed to measure the activities of five different muscles around the shoulder joint (biceps brachii, serratus anterior, upper trapezius, middle trapezius, and lower trapezius muscles). RESULTS: Biceps brachii muscle showed a significant increase at −15°, as compared to 0° (p 0.05). CONCLUSION: Therapeutic climbing may be a new therapeutic approach that can increase muscle strength and coordination in the sensory nervous system, since it can be used as a tool that promotes active movement by altering wall inclination and causing the user to generate movements according to the existing situation.